This is the famous phrase at the bottom of the old "info su" page by Richard M. Stallman. Not to worry: the current su command in Debian uses PAM, so that one can restrict the ability to use su to the root group by enabling the line with "pam_wheel.so" in "/etc/pam.d/su".
The Secure Shell (SSH) program provides secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network with the secure authentication. It consists of the OpenSSH client, ssh(1), and the OpenSSH daemon, sshd(8). This SSH can be used to tunnel an insecure protocol communication such as POP and X securely over the Internet with the port forwarding feature.
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For system security, it is a good idea to disable as much server programs as possible. This becomes critical for network servers. Having unused servers, activated either directly as daemon or via super-server program, are considered security risks.
"We've essentially flipped roles on this project," Crane says. "Thor's been editing for Burning Wheel since 2004, but this time around, I'm the editor. So I get to crack the whip and ask all the hard questions."
For me mail was sluggish and would not delete emails nor empty junk during first day. Now Outlook and Yahoo and Hotmail and Gmail all get the color wheel of death if you click on anything in mail list or even any of the drop down actions. System Restart is not fixing it. All other internet and wifi actions on all other windows work fine like FarceBook or VK(East european style facebook) or Instagram. m2
A common occurrence among system administrators is to install the operating system without paying attention to what programs are actually being installed. This can be problematic because unneeded services may be installed, configured with the default settings, and possibly turned on. This can cause unwanted services, such as Telnet, DHCP, or DNS, to run on a server or workstation without the administrator realizing it, which in turn can cause unwanted traffic to the server or even a potential pathway into the system for crackers.
Developers and system administrators often find exploitable bugs in server applications and publish the information on bug tracking and security-related websites such as the Bugtraq mailing list ( ) or the Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) website ( ). Although these mechanisms are an effective way of alerting the community to security vulnerabilities, it is up to system administrators to patch their systems promptly. This is particularly true because crackers have access to these same vulnerability tracking services and will use the information to crack unpatched systems whenever they can. Good system administration requires vigilance, constant bug tracking, and proper system maintenance to ensure a more secure computing environment.
Some administrators fail to patch their servers and workstations, while others fail to watch log messages from the system kernel or network traffic. Another common error is when default passwords or keys to services are left unchanged. For example, some databases have default administration passwords because the database developers assume that the system administrator changes these passwords immediately after installation. If a database administrator fails to change this password, even an inexperienced cracker can use a widely-known default password to gain administrative privileges to the database. These are only a few examples of how inattentive administration can lead to compromised servers.
Spoofing is quite difficult as it involves the attacker predicting TCP/IP sequence numbers to coordinate a connection to target systems, but several tools are available to assist crackers in performing such a vulnerability.
Remote attacker must have access to a compromised system on a LAN in order to perform such an attack; usually the cracker has used an active attack (such as IP spoofing or man-in-the-middle) to compromise a system on the LAN.
After installing the pcsc-lite package and starting the pcscd daemon, the system enforces policies defined in the /usr/share/polkit-1/actions/ directory. The default system-wide policy is in the /usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.debian.pcsc-lite.policy file. Polkit policy files use the XML format and the syntax is described in the polkit(8) man page.
If your scenario does not require any interaction with smart cards and you want to prevent displaying authorization requests for the PC/SC daemon, you can remove the pcsc-lite package. Keeping the minimum of necessary packages is a good security practice anyway.
Once a system call passes the exclude filter, it is sent through one of the aforementioned filters, which, based on the Audit rule configuration, sends it to the Audit daemon for further processing.
The user-space Audit daemon collects the information from the kernel and creates entries in a log file. Other Audit user-space utilities interact with the Audit daemon, the kernel Audit component, or the Audit log files:
In RHEL 8, the Audit dispatcher daemon (audisp) functionality is integrated in the Audit daemon (auditd). Configuration files of plugins for the interaction of real-time analytical programs with Audit events are located in the /etc/audit/plugins.d/ directory by default.
The service command is the only way to correctly interact with the auditd daemon. You need to use the service command so that the auid value is properly recorded. You can use the systemctl command only for two actions: enable and status.
The fapolicyd framework introduces the concept of trust. An application is trusted when it is properly installed by the system package manager, and therefore it is registered in the system RPM database. The fapolicyd daemon uses the RPM database as a list of trusted binaries and scripts. The fapolicyd RPM plugin registers any system update that is handled by either the YUM package manager or the RPM Package Manager. The plugin notifies the fapolicyd daemon about changes in this database. Other ways of adding applications require the creation of custom rules and restarting the fapolicyd service.
But if you, like me, feel that all the added complexity of Docker Desktop is unnecessary, you don't need Windows containers, or you are simply tired of that whale in the system tray taking... so... long... then perhaps you want to run the docker daemon (dockerd) in the WSL distro of your choice and be happy. You are at the right place.
Before we mosey along, though: are you aware of Podman? Podman is daemonless (no background service needed), modern (cgroups v2 out of the box), supports rootless, and serves as a drop-in replacement for Docker. Without needing to worry about sockets and ports, a lot of headaches go away.
Once you have installed the distro of your choice, launch it and set up a non-root user if you have not already. Debian and Ubuntu will configure this automatically at first launch, as should Alpine if you installed it from the Store. If the whoami command returnes "root", then you will want to add a non-root user. For Alpine or Fedora, use adduser myusername to create a new user. On Alpine, this should prompt for the new password. On Fedora, you will additionally need to passwd myusername and enter the password you want to use. (If your Fedora does not have passwd, then you will need to first dnf install passwd cracklib-dicts).
On distros that have a sudo group, such as Ubuntu and Debian, you should see something like sudo:x:27:myusername and on distros that have a wheel group, such as Fedora and Alpine, you should see something like wheel:27:myusername.
The Docker daemon is a service that Docker requires to be running in the background. The service (dockerd) and client (docker) communicate over a socket and/or a network port. For communication over the socket, privileged access is required. Two ways to obtain this access:
Again, this step can be skipped if you opt against using a shared directory for the docker socket. However, you may have other settings you wish to put in daemon.json, so you may appreciate some familiarity with this topic.
I suggest using the configuration file /etc/docker/daemon.json to set dockerd launch parameters. If the /etc/docker directory does not exist yet, create it with sudo mkdir /etc/docker/ so it can contain the config file. Then the following, when placed in /etc/docker/daemon.json, will set the docker host to the shared socket:
WARN[2021-10-24T16:24:00.993150800+05:30] grpc: addrConn.createTransport failed to connect to unix:///var/run/docker/containerd/containerd.sock 0 . Err :connection error: desc = "transport: Error while dialing dial unix:///var/run/docker/containerd/containerd.sock: timeout". Reconnecting... module=grpcfailed to start daemon: Error initializing network controller: error obtaining controller instance: failed to create NAT chain DOCKER: iptables failed: iptables -t nat -N DOCKER: iptables v1.8.4 (legacy): can't initialize iptables table `nat': Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?)Perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgrade
I got this so I just added "iptables": false to my daemon.json and this error was averted. In the original post it says you only need to do this for Debian but not Ubuntu, and I'm using Ubuntu so I skipped that step originally. But in the end, turned out it was required.
I've played around with setting DNS in the container explicitly using the /etc/docker/daemon.json with things like "dns": ["1.1.1.1", "8.8.8.8"], but if the container can't even get connectivity to these ips that's not going to work..
The problem was that even though I had reverted to iptables-legacy in Debian, I still had iptables: "false" in my docker daemon.json. On removing that, docker can use its default iptables impl and work with Debian Bullseye. Now, my containers can access "the internet".
Hey Derek, I believe the \mnt\wsl location is chosen so multiple Linux installations can share the same docker daemon. If you only run one it doesn't hurt, but you could use Docker's default location, /var/run/docker/containerd/containerd.sock 2ff7e9595c
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